Apparatus for vaporizing high-grade or fire-test oils for heating purposes



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' J. P. HAYES. E

APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING'HIGE GRADE OR PIRE TEST OILS POR HEATING PURPOSES.

No. 537,572. Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

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J. P. HAYES. v APPARATUS POR VAPORIZING HIGH GRADE 0R PIRE TEST OILS PDR HEATING PURPOSES.

No. 537,572. Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

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A tain new and useful Improvements in Appa- JOHN iP. HAYES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING HIGH-GRADE OR FIRE-TEST OILS FOR HEATING PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 537,572, dated April 16, 1895. l

Application tiled March 28, 1894.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN P. HAYES, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented cerratus for Vaporizing High-Grade or Fire-Test Oils for Heating Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a portable apparatus or furnace for effecting the thorough vaporization of high grade or lire test oils for obtaining afuel gas of high caloric power for heating or analogous purposes.

Hitherto high grade or fire test oils have not with any degree of success been used in such type of furnaces for constituting the gaseous fuel therefor, but on the contrary gasoline or the like has been almost universally used with its attended danger of explosion, unless due care was exercised in the employment of the same, for said purposes.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a portable blast furnace having a burner provided with a retort and a heat absorbing and air and vapor coiled mixing body contiguous to said retort and tothe normal position of the burner flame, the arrangement being such that fire test or high grade oil in transit through the retort is thoroughlyvaporized in advance of the combustion thereof, to obtain aA gaseous product having superior heat imparting properties and also a gaseous fuel that can be economically and thoroughly generated from the oil with the greatest heat units obtained therefrom,for reducing matter to a molten or liquid state for plumbers and other somewhat similar purposes.

My invention stated in general terms, consists of apparatus for vaporizing and utilizing a gaseous fuel for heating purposes, constructed and arranged substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and general scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a plumbers blastfurnace, embodying features of my invention for vaporizing high grade or Serial No. 505,374. (No model.)

fire test oil and burning the same as a gaseous fuel for heating and other analogous purposes. Fig. 2 is a similar view of a needle operating valve and its surrounding heat and air and vapor mixing coiled body for effecting in lthe one instance vaporization of the oil and in the other, complete and continuous vaporization and combustion thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical centralsection through the needle controlled valve of Fig. 2, showing the sur rounding heating coil thereof and the bed of nonconsumable absorbent` material located adjacent to said valve. Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of a modified form of valve to that of Fig. 2, but like that shown in Fig. l; and Fig. 5 is a vertical central section of the valve of Fig. 4, showing the detail construction of the needle operating valve thereof and the location of the bed of non-consumable absorbent material adjacent to the valve.

Referring to the drawings with reference' to Fig. 1, A, is areservoir provided with rods or posts ct, a and u?, having both ends threaded and adapted to detachably engage complemental threaded openings provided in the top of the reservoir and lugs b, b and h2, of an apertured holder B, having preferably integral ears b3, with tapering end studs b5, engaging complemental looped bearings c, on each side of a bail O, with a handle O. The end studs b5, are arranged so that the bearings c, of the bail C, may be readily caused to engage the contracted portions of these bearings when the bail has assumed a vertical position with respect to the furnace, ,whereby the bail in such position will support the furnace so that it can be safely cartion. The support B, is provided with integral recessed clamps extending outwardly from a central aperture, not shown, toward the periphery so as to permit of the engagement therewith of the base of an inversely tapering name concentrator pot D. The base of this pot has inwardly anged recesses and a series of lugs projecting also inwardly and on each side of the series of recesses of the base, not shown, but illustrated and fully described in my application for a patent, Serial No. 505,375, filed of even date herewith; the construction and arrangement being such that IOO ` tracted exit f2.

by a slight rotary-movement of the pot D, by hand orotherwijse, the same-.maybe brought into engagement with the series of clamps of the holder B, for supporting the pot D, to required position.

The construction of the pot D, is such that the flame rising fromthe combustionof the vapor/ized oil through the perforated air and gas mixing chamber E, suitably supported from the holder B, will take the freest line of travel along the inner Wall of the pot D, so as to impart its heatto the solder or other matter to be melted.

a4, is a threaded opening in the top of the reservoir A, and provided with a screw plug a5, having an eye d6, adapted for a rod or the like in order to readilyvrelease the screw plug a5, from its seat in the opening a4, to permit of the introduction of the high grade or lire test oil into the reservoir A.

a7, is a curved tube screwed into the top of the reservoir A, and provided with a stop-V cock a8. This tube is provided with a contracted exit or nozzle for the application of a flexible or rubber tube a, thereto with a bulb 01,12, or the like, for forcing air into the reservoir so asto lift the oil through the inverted U-shaped pipe or retort 0,9, Figs. 1, 4 and 5, screwed into the top of the reservoir at one end and engaging at the opposite end in a bowl-shaped valve body or casting F, having an inclined or tapering channel f, colnmunicating with a channel f', with a con- The body of this valve coup- .ling device F, is provided with a threaded nipple f3, engaged by a bonnet or casingf4, with an enlarged internal channel f5, for the reception of a suitable indestructible packing f6, such as asbestos or the like.

f7, is a needle cock extending vertically through the bonnet f4, detachably connected with the device F, and through the latter and the contracted `aperture f2, thereof. This needle cock f7, is partially threaded and provided with a knob or handle f8, for manipulating the same, seated tothe internal threaded surface of the bonnet f4.

E, is a perforated air and gas mixing chamber.

fg, is a bed of non-consumable material such as asbestos or the like, adapted for the receptionof a tiring substance, as oil; and which bed is mounted in a cup or casing f1", surrounding the device F, and which is supportedfto'required position against the nipple f3, .of the device by means of the bonnet or casing f4.

Ity may be here remarked that the construction of the valve issuch that by the'application'of a match or lighted taper to the oil saturated bed fg, of non-consumable material mounted in the cup orfcasinglocated adjacent to the needlevalve f7, an intense flame can be 'readily derived therefrom `for'creating a `vaporization of' the oil-inits transit-through the 4inverted U-shaped'pipe or retort. a9, and at the same time heating up the surrounding hollow coiled body al, which by radiation imrpartsitsheat to the oil in transit through the pipe or retort a9, to completely and expeditiously effect a thorough vaporization of the oil through this pipe or retort a9, to the device F, continuously and successively during the operation of the furnace, due to the uniform spreading of the flame so as to envelop the exposed surface of the retort or pipe a9, and as Well the air and vapor mixing coiled body 0,10, which imparts its heat to the said retort to increase vaporization and combustion and thus to give a gaseous fuel as a resultant product of high calorific power for heating and other somewhat analogous purposes.

Thecoil al, consists of separable tubing, as shown, in order to afford a perfect circulation of air in and about the sameto expedite and greatly enhance the vaporization of the oil in its transit by radiated heat and a direct flame action, and hence to insure a far more perfect and complete combustion of the vaporizable product in the mixing and combustion chamber, and as practice has demonstrated, to give most beneficial results in the production of a gaseous fuel therefrom for utilization in the furnace.

The operation of the apparatus vhereinbefore described, is as follows: The reservoir A, is filled with oil through the opening a4, by the removal of the plug a5, and When replaced the stop-cock a8, of the pipe 0,7, is opened and the rubber tubing a, provided withits pump or bulb @12, is applied to the nozzle end of said pipe a7, and manipulated so as .to force air into the interior to lift thereby the oil, (after the needle cock f7, has been properly adjusted,) through the retort or pipe aand channelsfand f', of the bowl-shaped coupling device F, onto the bed of non-consumable absorbent material fg. VA match may then be applied tothis bed, which will at once produce a ame of considerable intensity for starting the furnace so as to vaporize the oil in its transit and by means of theapertures in the air and gas mixing chamber E, the flame for the combustion of the oil gas will be directed toward the surface of the retort or pipe a9, and the heat radiating coil am, to enhance the vaporization of the oilintransit and when the oil saturated bed fg, has been consumed by the burning off of the oil, the liame will have produced a sufficient vaporizati'on of the oil in transit through .thesaid retort or pipe a9, to ignite the gas issuing at the exposed upper end of the needle cock f7, which volume of iiame derived therefromwill be concentrated at and about the retortor pipe a9, and its air and vapor coiled mixing body d10 and along the Wall of the pot D,.licking as it were, against and over the bodyof the matter to be melted ina solder pot held on the holder B, thereby rquickly1and thoroughly reducing the sameito a liquidformolten state for-use. It may behereremarked that in such type of blast furnace it is essen- IOO IIO

tially requisite that the flame directed therefrom should quickly and thoroughly reduce matter to a molten condition for use, and the Y conditions are present in the form of furnace the production of the gaseous fuel for such purpose reduced to a minimum.

The valve of Figs. 2 and 3, differs from that of Figs. l, 4 and 5 in the following particulars:

It comprises a triangular-shaped casting F', with a similar shaped opening F2, between the sides thereof. The interior as illustrated in Fig. `3, is provided with an integral nipple fm, with a narrow channel f1", which merges into an inclined vertical channel f, which at the apex of the casting merges into a complemental inclined channel fw, and at the base into a longitudinal channelf19,'provided at the flanged end fio, thereof with a plug u7021,

removable in order to permit of the readyA cleaning of the channel fw, whenever the same becomes clogged with extraneous matter carried with the oil in its transit through the said valve casting F. The narrow channel f1", merges into an enlarged tubular gas storage chamber fm, with a contracted opening f2s, in the top through which a needle cock f7, with a threaded stem f 8, engages the wall of the casting F', and at the free end is provided with a handle f, for manipulating said valve cock to thereby control the flow of the gaseous fuel through the `casting F. The apex of the casting F', is provided with a screw plug f, which is preferably screwed and groundto place therein and is adapted to permit by removal of the saine of the cleaning out of the internal tapering meeting channelsj'17 and fw, of the casting F. f25, is an annular rim formed integral with said casting F, and supporting a casing flo, for containing a bed of nonconsumable oil absorbent material constituting a firing bed for the furnace in the starting of the same in order to vaporize the oil in its passage through the internal channels or retort of the appliance and also to heat up the surrounding coiled air and vapor mixing body am, supported to position in contact with the casting F, on the surface of the bed ff. The nipple f, of the casting is connected with a T-union cl3, engaging a fluid supply pipe d, screwed into the reservoir A. The T-union als, is provided with a removable grooved plug @15, for pre senting a retarding influence, as it were, to the iiow of the oil under pressure from the reservoir A, in the manner, for example, as clearly illustrated in Fig. l, to the vaporizing or gasifying device F, and prior to the combustion of the same for producing a gaseous fuel of high caloritic power for heating purposes.

The operation of the valve with its accessories of Figs. 2 and 3, is substantially the same in all essential respects as the valve of Figs. 1, 4 and 5. It may, however, be here remarked that the construction and arrangement of, the valve is such as that complete vaporization is insured, high caloriiic power from the gaseous product is obtained and waste is reduced to a minimum. Moreover, the hollow or solid heating coil surrounding the valve F', is such as to concentrate the heat and flame so that most beneficial results in the successive, as well as continuous vaporization by direct Iiame action and heat radiation are insured by the jet flame and flame arising from the non-consumable oil absorbent material bed and the combustion of the gaseous vapor thus produced is most complete due to the particular disposition of the device F, and its accessories, within the chamber of the perforated cylinder E, as will be seen and understood by reference especially to Fig'. l, of the drawings.

It will be manifestly obvious to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains that as to details of the apparatus shown and described for producing a gaseous fuel from high test oil for heating purposes, modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention; and hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement of the parts of said appliance as hereinbefore explained; and

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. An apparatus for making gaseous fuel from high grade or fire test oils, comprising a reservoir provided with a burner having an interposed retort and a heat absorbing and air and vapor mixing coiled body contiguous to said retort and to the normal position of the burner flame, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In an apparatus for making gaseous fuel from oils, the combination with a burnerprovided with a retort, of a heat absorbing and air and vapor mixing coiled body contiguous to said retort and to the normal position ofthe burner flame, and a needle-cock, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. An apparatus for making gaseous fuel from oils, comprising a reservoir having a fluid supply pipe leading therefrom, a retort connected with said pipe and with a casting having internal channels, a needle cock provided with an operating handle and a hollow detachable air and vapor mixing coiled body arranged contiguous to said retort and to the normal position of the burner dame, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of' two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN P. HAYES.

Vitnesses:

THoMAs M. SMITH, RICHARD C. MAXWELL.

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